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The Mt. Van Hoevenberg Olympic Bobsled Run is a venue for bobsleigh, luge and skeleton located at the Lake Placid Olympic Sports Complex in Lake Placid, New York, United States. This venue was used for the 1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics and for the only winter Goodwill Games in 2000. The third and most recent version of the track was completed in 2000 with the track hosting both the first FIBT World Championships and FIL World Luge Championships done outside of Europe, doing so in 1949〔(Bobsleigh two-man world championship medalists since 1931 )〕 and 1983.〔(FIL World Luge Championships men's single results since 1955 )〕 In 2010 the bobsled track was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. == History == The bobsled track was built in 1930.〔 (46 pages, with maps and 10 photos from 2007)〕 According to the National Park Service:
As Mt. Van Hoevenberg Olympic Bobsled Run, the structure was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on February 4, 2010.〔 The listing was announced as the featured listing in the National Park Service's weekly list of February 19, 2010. Prior to the 1932 Winter Olympics, bobsleigh racing took place at the steep hill where the Intervales ski jump would eventually be located.〔(1932 Winter Olympic Games official report. ) pp. 30, 39-41, 50-1, 157-66.〕 The attendees were delighted by the speeds of the bobsleds though several teams crashed during the run, sending two members of one team to the hospital as a result.〔 The Intervales track only lasted one season (1929–30).〔 Led by Henry Homburger, the first track was surveyed and constructed during 1929-30 at Mount Van Hoevenberg, located in the Whiteface Mountain area though it was in spite of protests of using state-owned lands for construction of the facility for environmental reasons.〔 After construction took place during August–December 1930, the track opened for use on Christmas Day 1930. This track was 2366 meters long with 26 curves, a vertical drop of 228 meters, and an average grade of 9.6%.〔 After the 1932 games, the first 829 meters and ten curves of the track were eliminated, shortening the track's length to 1537 meters with 16 curves, and an average grade of 9.3%.〔(Bunksplace.com information on bobsleigh history: 1890-present. ) - Accessed 15 January 2008.〕 In 1949, the track became the first venue outside of Europe to host the FIBT World Championships〔 though it would start with tragic results when Belgian bobsledder Max Houben was killed during a practice run off of "Shady" curve prior to the event.〔(''TIME'' magazine 7 March 1949 article about the Lake Placid, NY bobsleigh track that took Houbon's life ) - Accessed 29 July 2007.〕 The Belgian team withdrew as a result. It would be another twelve years before the track hosted another world championship following safety improvements to the track.〔 By this time, track officials had established a relationship with the International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation (FIBT).〔(1980 Winter Olympic Games official report - Volume 1. ) pp. 57-66. & 〕 Sergio Zardini's fatal crash at the "Zig-Zag curves" on 22 February 1966 would lead to further safety improvements.〔〔("The Deadly Zig-Zag". ''TIME''. 4 March 1966 ) - Accessed August 12, 2007.〕 Following the world bobsleigh championships of 1969, 1973, and 1978, many race officials of those championships would serve on the organizing committee for the bobsleigh part of the 1980 Winter Olympics.〔 In 1978 actual construction took place during September 1978-February 1979 with the creation of a reinforced concrete, artificially refrigerated bobsleigh track.〔 The bobsleigh track was approved for competition in December 1979.〔 In fall 1977, a separate luge track for the 1980 Games, the first one in the United States, was constructed with completion in time for the test competition in February 1979. During preparations for the 1980 Games, a combined two-man bobsleigh and luge track was considered, but abandoned to high cost and the track was redesigned with permission from the International Luge Federation (FIL).〔 Following the 1980 games, both tracks hosted their respective world championships 〔 in 1983.〔 The 1932 track continued to be used strictly for passenger riding after the new combined track was sanctioned. Skeleton racing debuted during the 1990s with the bobsleigh part of the track hosting the world championships in 1997.〔(FIBT men's skeleton world championships results since 1989 )〕 By the late 1990s, parts of both tracks were demolished to make way for a new track that was constructed for the 2000 Winter Goodwill Games that was completed in January 2000.〔(List of venues on Mt. Van Hoevenberg for the 2000 Winter Goodwill Games ) - Accessed 16 January 2008.〕 The track has been part of the Lake Placid Olympic Sports Complex since the end of the 1980 Winter Olympics as part of the Olympic Regional Development Authority (ORDA).〔(About ORDA. )〕〔(ORDA profile on Lake Placid Olympic Sports Park. )〕 Since 2006, it has hosted the Chevy Geoff Bodine Bobsled Challenge, an annual event which has NASCAR drivers take a run down the track to benefit the Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project (co-created by the former NASCAR driver and 1986 Daytona 500 winner) in use by the United States since the start of the 1994 Winter Olympics.〔(Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project official website )〕 In 2009, the competition took place between NASCAR and the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) which was won by Jeg Coughlin Jr. (NHRA) won the event.〔 The 2010 event took place at the track 8–10 January with Melanie Troxel on the NHRA becoming the first woman to competes in the event.〔 In 2009, the track became the first to host bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton world championships in the same year in a non-Winter Olympic year (The bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Park City, Utah was the first to do so for the 2002 Winter Olympics in neighboring Salt Lake City).〔(Whiteface.com information about the track. ) - accessed 3 December 2009.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mt. 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